It's always been interesting, and a bit foolish, to me that the news media like to use the stock market as a daily barometer of the health of our country. It should be clear to people who think that the stock market is large and often seemingly irrational ecosystem with so many moving parts that it is hard to figure out what causes what fluctuation and why.
Anything more than the broadest strokes about the activity on the stock market are invariably wrong, but that has not stopped any pundit from trying to use it's churn as an indicator for why their particular view of "something" was right all along.
So, thinking about this I did some research about the stock market and historical trends related to elections and found this site.
I've taken some effort to recreate a graph they have on their site, but I highly recommend that you go to their site and look at the entire article because it's chock full of information.

The graph above represents the general rate of return for the S&P500 for every presidential election between 1950 and 2004. As you can see the general trend of the growth is upward but there is some churn. What's most interesting to me is the 0.5% average drop in the days following an election. I am willing to bet that even though the average trend for all elections displays this dip, and is part of an overall uptick in value pundits on the losing side of the election will spin this an indicator of people's pessimism and anger from the election.
And I'm saying this no matter who loses on Nov 4th.
And it's almost true...wait, what?
Well, here's what I mean. As I see it, and grossly oversimplifying here, there are three groups at play in the stock market around election time: supporters of Candidate A, supporters of Candidate B, and investors who just don't care. In the days leading up to the election as it becomes clear that Candidate A is going to win the election his supporters are more exuberant and more willing to spend money on the stock market. They think the future's bright. Also, because there's let instability, since we pretty much know who the winner is, group three invest more. When Candidate A wins, the supporters of Candidate B are in a pessimistic mood and sell off some assets because clearly this is the end of days. Group three investors (those who don't care) also sell off some of their gains from the last month's worth of investing. These two groups selling, for different reasons mind you, causes that 0.5% dip.
And that dip's not terribly significant. These days that'd be between 50 - 60 points down.
The important thing here, and what I'm trying to drive at is that it's not an indicator of the implosion of our economy, or even that Americans as a whole are unhappy at the outcome of the election. It instead reaffirms what psychologists and honest financial analysts have told us all along: the market is ruled primarily by emotions and irrational behavior.
I want to add one huge caveat to my thinking. We have several new factors in play that could throw this historical trend out of whack:
- This is an unprecedented election. If Barack Obama does win and America has elected its first black president there's no real way to predict the reaction on Wall Street. We'd be living in the middle of history but the business economy seems mixed on Obama, so it's possible for the American public to feel elated and excited while the market sinks.
- Tying into number one, the world is watching this election with keen interest. Many people abroad see a McCain presidency as one of continued conflict and instability and I think that his election would spur sell-offs in the global markets as well as liquidation of American assets by overseas investors. If that does occur the markets would go down in value as well.
- We are currently in economically unstable times. Investors and the markets in general might ignore the election completely and continue to thrash about wildly on every bit of news.
Like I said, the markets are a large and complicated ecosystem. Only time will tell what will happen in the days following Nov 4th.